Mazda celebrates the Cosmo’s 50th birthday

Back in 1967, the sleek and stylish Cosmo Sport was the world’s first car powered by a twin-rotor engine.

Known outside Japan as the 110S, it was also Mazda’s first sports car, supplying the DNA that has gone into legendary models like the Mazda RX-7 and Mazda MX-5.

Although only 1,176 were built, the Cosmo Sport was monumental for Mazda, marking its transformation from a maker of predominantly trucks and small cars to an exciting, unique brand characterised by its convention-defying approach to engineering as well as design.

Mazda’s engineers overcame numerous hurdles to making the rotary engine commercially viable, testing Cosmo Sport prototypes over hundreds of thousands of kilometres prior to the market launch.

Although dozens of companies including most major carmakers signed licensing agreements with NSU to develop the German car and motorcycle maker’s new rotary technology, only the Mazda was successful.

Having harnessed the rotary’s potential to deliver performance levels equivalent to much larger and heavier reciprocating piston engines, Mazda would go on to build almost two million rotary-powered vehicles, also achieving considerable racing success.

The RX-7, for example, dominated its class at IMSA (International Motor Sport Association) events throughout the 1980s.

But Mazda’s biggest single triumph on the track came in 1991, when a Mazda 787B powered by a 2.6-litre four-rotor powerplant producing 710PS won the 24 Hours of Le Mans. It was the only non-reciprocating engine ever to win the illustrious endurance race, and the first victory by an Asian brand.